Karamata, Stevan

Stevan Karamata (Zemun, September 26, 1926) eng. Geologist, DSc, Professor of Petrology at the Faculty of Mining and Geology in Belgrade, Serbia (retired).
Born and lived in Zemun, resp. Belgrade, Serbia. After graduation of Gymnasium in Zemun 1944. was in the army. In 1946 enrolled to the Faculty of Mining of the Zagreb University. When the Dept. of Applied geology was established at the University of Belgrade he moved to Belgrade. At the Fasculty of Mining and Geology and the Faculty of Geology of the Technical High School, that later joined to the University of Belgrade, he graduated 1950 and was Assistant, Assistant Professor (1956-1960), Associated Professor (1960-1967) and Professor (1967-1990) for Petrology and some time (1951-1960) for Geochemistry.
As part of the program of Yugoslavian aid to Nigeria he teached the Petrology of igneous and metamorphic rocks at the University of Benin-city, Nigeria, and helped to organise the Geological department at this Unversity. 1968 to 1973 he held courses on the Montanistic High School in Leoben, Austria on geochmical exploration methods in the frame of of the by UN organised postgraduate course «Pospection and mining in developing countries» for geologists from these countries.
To introduce new methods in exploration for resources in Yugoslavia he organised the Dpt. for geochemical prospecting at the Geological Survey of Serbia and was its head during the fifties of XX Century. He worked for the U.N. Development Program as expert 1970-71 seven months in Turkey on geochemical prospection for Cu-mineralisation in Pontides, and for Hg-, As- and Pb-Zn-mineralisation in the Menderes massif, and two monts 1983 in Baludzistan (Pakistan) for exploration of Cu-mineralisation. For the Yugoslav technical aid he was working in Mosambique for two months 1981 on exploration of rare metals in carbonatites.
As member of the UNESCO IGCP (International Geological Correlation Programme) he was active in the projects 5 (Prehercinian evolution of Tethyan region) and 39 (Ophiolites) and co-leader (with N.Page, USA) of the project 197 (1982-1988) Metallogeny of ophiolites. Among the activities of these projects he participated at many scienticif and field sessions, but the cruise in western Pacific June-August 1976 has the be mentioned as the most important. It has to be noted that he was 1989-1994 member of he International Scientific Board of this UNESCO Programme.
He was Corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts since 1970, and is a full member since 1985. He is Correponding member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences since 1982, was since 1986 such a member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts (Zagreb), is a corresponding member of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts from 1991, of the Academy of Natural Sciences of the Russian Federation from 1993, and of the Academy of Sciences and Arts of the Republic of Srpska (BiH) from 2004.
Honorary Dr of Sciences of the University Babeš-Bolyai at Kluž-Npoca, Romania, and honorary member of the Bulgarian geological society.
He was member of the Commision for elaboration of the Geological map 1:100.000 of Yugoslavia.
He published more than 350 contributions in Yugoslavia and abroad, and was member of editioal boards in scientific publicationa in Yugoslavia, Serbia and abroad.
He is president of the nongovernml Association «Children Joy-Gnjlane» for help of children from Western Kosovo.
His scientific work was very broad, in petrology, metalogeny and regional geology, but three main subject can be distingvished. At the beginning it were the high granitic intrusions, where during crystallization the internal fluids-pressure overpassed the external presure and the association Oligoclase-Na-poor Orthoclase-Biotite was substituted by the Andesine-Na-rich K-Feldspar-Hornblende. This and associated poblems were pesented in:
Karamata S (1955) Petrologische Studie der magmatischen und kontakt-metamorphen Gesteine der Boranja (West Serbien). Bulletin du Museum d´Histoire Naturellе du Pays Serbe, A, 6/1, 130 pp, on Serbian, with German Abs., Belgrade;
Karamata S (1956) Die Reaktions-Gefuge des Biotits in tertiaeren Granodioritmassiven Serbiens. Neues Jb für Mineralogie, Mh., 1956, 73-82, Stuttgart;
Karamata S (1958) Endomorphe Änderungen in den granodioritischen Hochplutonen Serbiens am Kontakt zu den Kalksteinen. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, XXXVIII/1, 1-18, Zuerich; and about ten associated papers.
Later on he was devoted to the study of ophiolites, especially to the origin and evolution of their metamorphic soles. He was among the first who defined their dynamo-thermal origin and their relation to the emplacement of ophiolites or ultramafic rocks. This was presented in many papers and summarised in:
Karamata S (1968) Zonality in Contact Metamorphic Rocks around the Ultramafic Mass of Brezovica (Serbia, Yugoslavia). XXIII Session Intern. Geol. Congress, Reports, I, 197-207, Prague;
Karamata S (1975) The state of alpine-type ultramafic masses during emplacement on the basis of contact dynamo-thermal metamorphism of neighbourig rocks. Acta Geologica, JAZU, VIII, 85-106;
Karamata S (1978) Metamorphic rocks associated with ultramafic parts of the ophiolite sequences - some observations concerning their origin. Annales Geolog. de la Peninsule Balkanique, XLII, 455-467, Beograd.
During the last 30 years he came to the conclusion that for the explanation of the geological situation in the area of central Balkan most appropriate is the application of transport, docking and agglomation of terranes connected with their steady northward movement. One early and the final syntehsis of these researches. after many papers published during the last years, are here mentioned:
Karamata S. Krstić B (1996) Terranes of Serbia and Neighbouring Areas. in: Terranes of Serbia, eds. V.Knežević and B.Krstić, 25-40, Fac of Mining and Geology & Comm. for Geodynamics of SANU, Belgrade;
Karamata S (2006) The geological development of the Balkan Peninsula related to the approach, collision and compresion of Gondwanan and Euroasian units. In: Eds Robertson, A. H. F. & Mountrakis, D.: Tectonic Development of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Gseological Society, London, Special Publication, 260, 155-178.

(October 2010)

Stevan Karamata (Zemun, 26. september 1926) ing. geologije, dr. znanosti, profesor petrologije na Fakulteti za rudarstvo in geologijo v Beogradu, upokojen.
Živel je v Zemunu in Beogradu. Po končani gimnaziji v Zemunu (1944) je bil v vojski. 1946 se je vpisal na Fakulteto zagrebške univerze. Ko je bil na beograjski univerzi ustanovljen Oddelek za uporabno geologijo, se je preselil tja. Na Fakulteti za rudarstvo in geologijo in Fakulteti za geologije Tehnične visoke šole, ki se je pozneje priključila k beograjski univerzi, je diplomiral 1950 in je bil nato asistent, docent (1956–1960), izredni (1960–1967) in redni profesor (1967–1990) za petrologijo in od 1951 do 1960 za geokemijo.
V okviru programa jugoslovanske pomoči Nigeriji je poučeval petrologijo magmatskih in metamorfnih kamnin na univerzi v mestu Benin v Nigeriji in pripomogel k ustanovitvi geološkega oddelka na tej univerzi. Od 1968 do 1973 je na Visoki šoli za montanistiko v Loebnu v Avstriji predaval o raziskovalnih metodah v geokemiji v okviru podiplomskega tečaja ZN »Prospekcija in rudarjenje v državah v razvoju» tamkajšnjim študentom.
Da bi vpeljal nove metode in raziskovanje naravnih bogastev jugoslavije, je ustanovil Oddelek za geokemijske raziskave na Geološkem zavodu Srbije in je bil v 50. letih 20. stoletja vodja tega oddelka. 1970–7 je sedem mesecev delal v Turčiji, kjer je v okviru programa ZN za razvoj opravljal geokemijske raziskave za Cu-mineralizacijo v Pontidih in za mineralizacijo Hg-, As- and Pb-Zn v gorovju Menderes. 1983 je bil dva meseca v Baludžistanu (Pakistan) zaradi raziskovanja Cu-mineralizacije. 1981 je bil dva meseca v Mozambiku v okviru jugoslovanske tehnične pomoči v zvezi z raziskovanjem redkih mineralov in karbonatitov.
Kot član UNESCO IGCP (International Geological Correlation Programme) je sodeloval pri projektu 5 (Predhercinski razvoj področja Tetide) in 39 (Ofioliti) in je bil eden od vodij (drugi je bil N. Page iz ZDA) projekta 197 (1982–1988) Metalogeneza ofiolitov. V zvezi z delom na teh projektih se je udeleževal številnih znanstvenih in tematskih srečanj, med njimi je najpomembnejše križarjenje po zahodnem Tihem oceanu od junija do avgusta 1976. Med 1989 in 1994 je bil član Mednarodnega znanstvenega odbora ustreznega programa Unesca.
Od 1970 je bil dopisni član SANU in je njen redni član od 1985. Dopisni član Avstrijske akademije znanosti je od 1982, JAZU (Zagreb) od 1986, SAZU od 1991, Akademije naravoslovnih znanosti Ruske federacije od 1993 in Akademije znanosti in umetnosti Republike Srbske (BiH) od 2004.
Je častni doktor univerze Babeš-Bolyai v Cluj-Napoca v Romuniji in častni član Bolgarskega geološkega društva. Bil je član komisije za pripravo geološke karte Jugoslavije 1:100.000.
V Jugoslaviji in tujini je objavil več kot 350 del in je bil član uredniških odborov znanstvenih publikacij v Jugoslaviji, Srbiji in tujini.
Je predsednik nevladne organizacije «Children Joy-Gnjilane» za pomoč otrokom zahodnega Kosova.
Kot znanstvenik širokega pogleda se je ukvarjal s petrologijo, metalogenezo in regionalno geologijo, predvsem pa je treba omeniti njegove tri najpomembnejše usmeritve. V začetku so bile to visoke granitne intruzije, kjer so bili med kristalizacijo notranji tekočinski pritiski večji od zunanjih in je asociacijo »z natrijem reven oligoklaz - ortoklaz - biotit« zamenjala »z natrijem bogat andezin - kalijev glinenec - amfibol«.To in s tem povezana vprašanja je akad. Karamata objavil v:
Karamata S (1955) Petrologische Studie der magmatischen und kontakt-metamorphen Gesteine der Boranja (West Serbien). Bulletin du Museum d´Histoire Naturellе du Pays Serbe, A, 6/1, 130 pp, on Serbian, with German Abs., Belgrade;
Karamata S (1956) Die Reaktions-Gefuge des Biotits in tertiaeren Granodioritmassiven Serbiens. Neues Jb für Mineralogie, Mh., 1956, 73-82, Stuttgart;
Karamata S (1958) Endomorphe Änderungen in den granodioritischen Hochplutonen Serbiens am Kontakt zu den Kalksteinen. Schweizerische mineralogische und petrographische Mitteilungen, XXXVIII/1, 1-18, Zuerich; and about ten associated papers.
Kasneje se je posvetil preučevanju ofiolitov, posebej izvoru in razvoju njihove metamorfne podlage. Bil je med prvimi, ki so določili njihov dinamo-termični izvor in odnos njihovega položaja do ultramafičnih kamnin. To je predstavil v številnih člankih in povzel v:
Karamata S (1968) Zonality in Contact Metamorphic Rocks around the Ultramafic Mass of Brezovica (Serbia, Yugoslavia). XXIII Session Intern. Geol. Congress, Reports, I, 197-207, Prague;
Karamata S (1975) The state of alpine-type ultramafic masses during emplacement on the basis of contact dynamo-thermal metamorphism of neighbourig rocks. Acta Geologica, JAZU, VIII, 85-106;
Karamata S (1978) Metamorphic rocks associated with ultramafic parts of the ophiolite sequences - some observations concerning their origin. Annales Geolog. de la Peninsule Balkanique, XLII, 455-467, Beograd.
V naslednjih 30 letih je prišel do sklepa, da je za razlago geološke zgradbe osrednjega Balkana najprimerneje upoštevati transport, skladiščenje in kopičenje kamninske mase povezano z enakomernim pomikanjem proti severu. Ena prvih in zadnjih sintez teh raziskovanj po mnogih prispevkih v zadnjih letih sta:
Karamata S. Krstić B (1996) Terranes of Serbia and Neighbouring Areas. in: Terranes of Serbia, eds. V.Knežević and B.Krstić, 25-40, Fac of Mining and Geology & Comm. for Geodynamics of SANU, Belgrade;
Karamata S (2006) The geological development of the Balkan Peninsula related to the approach, collision and compresion of Gondwanan and Euroasian units. In: Eds Robertson, A. H. F. & Mountrakis, D.: Tectonic Development of the Eastern Mediterranean Region. Gseological Society, London, Special Publication, 260, 155-178.

(december 2011)